On January 22, the Human Rights Center (HRC) released a comprehensive executive report on Monitoring Assemblies and Manifestations in Georgia throughout 2023. The report, which focuses on 15 protests held in Tbilisi, highlights alleged violations of laws and human rights regarding freedom of assembly and expression.

One of the critical issues raised in the report is the disproportionate use of police force during protests. The HRC points out instances where the number of police officers deployed either exceeded or fell short of what was necessary, emphasizing the crucial role of the police in facilitating peaceful demonstrations.

The report also draws attention to cases of unidentified police officers operating in civilian clothes, making it difficult to distinguish them from protesters. The HRC argues that the presence of uniformed and identifiable police officers is essential for accountability and transparency in law enforcement activities during protests.

Administrative detentions and the confiscation of property, such as removing a tent during a specific protest, are discussed as potential violations of the right to freedom of assembly. The report contends that erecting tents is a legitimate expression of this right and should not be unjustly restricted.

Regarding the dispersal of protests, the HRC scrutinizes the use of special means, including pepper spray and water cannons. It claims that international standards were violated during the March 7-9 protests, citing instances where these measures were used without proper warnings and in a manner inconsistent with established norms.

The safety of demonstrators, journalists, and third parties during protests is underscored as a responsibility of the state. The report points out instances where safety was compromised, both by law enforcement actions and by the behavior of some protesters.

In response to these findings, the HRC provides recommendations to national institutions, urging alignment with international standards on freedom of expression and assembly. The report concludes by calling for comprehensive, timely, and objective investigations into alleged abuses of power and excessive use of force during protests.